England: three challenges against CPS, NCA and police over EncroChat
On 22 December 2025 the High Court refused permission for three judicial-review claims concerning the acquisition and transfer of EncroChat data.
O’Brien, Palmer and Shaikh challenged European Investigation Orders, Dubai data and police-to-police information use. They also argued that secrecy about the capture mechanism undermined the proportionality assessment.
The judge found the grounds insufficiently arguable and rejected the objections to the investigation orders. Delay, earlier appellate consideration and alternative routes to exclude evidence at trial also mattered.
The judge refused permission for the three judicial-review claims to proceed.









































